{"id":6557,"date":"2025-05-16T02:56:20","date_gmt":"2025-05-16T00:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/la-perte-de-capacite-pulmonaire-commence-entre-20-et-25-ans-letude-suggere\/"},"modified":"2025-05-16T02:56:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-16T00:56:21","slug":"la-perte-de-capacite-pulmonaire-commence-entre-20-et-25-ans-letude-suggere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/la-perte-de-capacite-pulmonaire-commence-entre-20-et-25-ans-letude-suggere\/","title":{"rendered":"La perte de capacit\u00e9 pulmonaire commence entre 20 et 25 ans, l’\u00e9tude sugg\u00e8re"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Une \u00e9tude dirig\u00e9e par le Barcelone Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) en collaboration avec les Cl\u00ednic-idibaps, a montr\u00e9, pour la premi\u00e8re fois, comment la capacit\u00e9 pulmonaire \u00e9volue de l’enfance \u00e0 la vieillesse. Les r\u00e9sultats, publi\u00e9s dans La m\u00e9decine respiratoire de Lancet<\/i>Fournissez un nouveau cadre de base pour \u00e9valuer la sant\u00e9 pulmonaire.<\/p>\n

Jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, on pensait que la fonction pulmonaire augmentait jusqu’\u00e0 ce qu’elle atteigne environ 20 \u00e0 25 ans, apr\u00e8s quoi elle s’est stabilis\u00e9e. On pensait \u00e9galement qu’\u00e0 l’\u00e2ge adulte plus tard, la fonction pulmonaire commence \u00e0 diminuer \u00e0 mesure que les poumons. Cependant, ce mod\u00e8le \u00e9tait bas\u00e9 sur des \u00e9tudes qui ne couvraient pas tout le parcours de la vie.<\/p>\n

En revanche, la pr\u00e9sente \u00e9tude a utilis\u00e9 une \u00abconception de cohorte acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e\u00bb, ce qui signifie que les donn\u00e9es de plusieurs \u00e9tudes de cohorte ont \u00e9t\u00e9 combin\u00e9es pour couvrir la tranche d’\u00e2ge souhait\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Nous avons inclus plus de 30 000 personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es de 4 \u00e0 82 ans \u00e0 partir de huit \u00e9tudes de cohorte bas\u00e9es sur la population en Europe et en Australie\u00a0\u00bb, explique Judith Garcia-Aymerich, premier auteur de l’\u00e9tude et codirectrice du programme isglobal sur l’environnement et la sant\u00e9 au cours de la vie.<\/p>\n

Les param\u00e8tres de la fonction pulmonaire et de la capacit\u00e9 pulmonaire ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9valu\u00e9s en utilisant la spirom\u00e9trie forc\u00e9e, un test dans lequel le patient expire tout l’air le plus rapidement possible apr\u00e8s avoir pris une profonde inspiration. Des donn\u00e9es sur le tabagisme actif et le diagnostic d’asthme ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 collect\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Deux phases de croissance et une baisse pr\u00e9coce<\/h2>\n

L’\u00e9tude a montr\u00e9 que la fonction pulmonaire se d\u00e9veloppe dans deux phases distinctes: une premi\u00e8re phase de croissance rapide pendant l’enfance et une deuxi\u00e8me phase de croissance plus lente jusqu’\u00e0 ce que la fonction pulmonaire maximale soit atteinte.<\/p>\n

La fonction pulmonaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9valu\u00e9e \u00e0 l’aide de deux param\u00e8tres: le volume expiratoire forc\u00e9 en une seconde (FEV1), qui mesure la quantit\u00e9 d’air expuls\u00e9e dans la premi\u00e8re seconde d’une respiration forc\u00e9e apr\u00e8s une inhalation profonde; et la capacit\u00e9 vitale forc\u00e9e (FVC), qui est la quantit\u00e9 maximale d’air qu’une personne peut expirer sans limite de temps apr\u00e8s une inhalation profonde.<\/p>\n

Chez les femmes, le FEV1 culmine vers l’\u00e2ge de 20 ans, tandis que chez les hommes, il culmine vers l’\u00e2ge de 23 ans. \u00c9tonnamment, l’\u00e9tude n’a trouv\u00e9 aucune preuve d’une phase stable apr\u00e8s ce pic.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les mod\u00e8les pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents ont sugg\u00e9r\u00e9 une phase de plateau jusqu’\u00e0 l’\u00e2ge de 40 ans, mais nos donn\u00e9es montrent que la fonction pulmonaire commence \u00e0 diminuer beaucoup plus t\u00f4t qu’on ne le pensait pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, imm\u00e9diatement apr\u00e8s le pic\u00a0\u00bb, explique Garcia-Aymerich.<\/p>\n

Facteurs affectant la fonction pulmonaire<\/h2>\n

L’analyse montre que l’asthme persistant et le tabagisme affectent la fonction pulmonaire, mais d’une mani\u00e8re diff\u00e9rente de celle pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment. Les personnes souffrant d’asthme persistant atteignent un pic FEV1 ant\u00e9rieur et ont des niveaux inf\u00e9rieurs tout au long de la vie, tandis que le tabagisme est associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une baisse plus rapide de la fonction pulmonaire \u00e0 partir de l’\u00e2ge de 35 ans.<\/p>\n

Sant\u00e9 publique et implications cliniques<\/h2>\n

Ces r\u00e9sultats mettent en \u00e9vidence l’importance de promouvoir la sant\u00e9 respiratoire et de mener une surveillance pr\u00e9coce de la fonction pulmonaire au d\u00e9but de la vie en utilisant la spirom\u00e9trie. \u00ab\u00a0La d\u00e9tection pr\u00e9coce de la faible fonction pulmonaire peut permettre aux interventions de pr\u00e9venir les maladies respiratoires chroniques \u00e0 l’\u00e2ge adulte\u00a0\u00bb, conclut Rosa Faner, chercheuse \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 de Barcelone et chez Cl\u00ednic-idibaps, et dernier auteur de l’\u00e9tude.<\/p>\n

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Une \u00e9tude dirig\u00e9e par le Barcelone Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) en collaboration avec les<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5382,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[38,1244,2581,159,1346,1054,2276,1118],"class_list":["post-6557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-maladies","tag-ans","tag-capacite","tag-commence","tag-entre","tag-letude","tag-perte","tag-pulmonaire","tag-suggere","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nLa perte de capacit\u00e9 pulmonaire commence entre 20 et 25 ans, l'\u00e9tude sugg\u00e8re - RVH-Synergie.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/la-perte-de-capacite-pulmonaire-commence-entre-20-et-25-ans-letude-suggere\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La perte de capacit\u00e9 pulmonaire commence entre 20 et 25 ans, l'\u00e9tude sugg\u00e8re - 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