{"id":4123,"date":"2025-02-07T22:01:47","date_gmt":"2025-02-07T21:01:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/un-mecanisme-inattendu-regule-la-reponse-immunitaire-lors-des-infections-parasites\/"},"modified":"2025-02-07T22:01:49","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T21:01:49","slug":"un-mecanisme-inattendu-regule-la-reponse-immunitaire-lors-des-infections-parasites","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/un-mecanisme-inattendu-regule-la-reponse-immunitaire-lors-des-infections-parasites\/","title":{"rendered":"Un m\u00e9canisme inattendu r\u00e9gule la r\u00e9ponse immunitaire lors des infections parasites"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Des chercheurs de l’Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge (Belgique) ont d\u00e9couvert un m\u00e9canisme auparavant inconnu qui r\u00e9gule la r\u00e9ponse immunitaire contre les parasites. Au cours d’une infection parasite, des cellules immunitaires sp\u00e9cifiques, appel\u00e9es cellules T \u00e0 m\u00e9moire virtuelle, deviennent activ\u00e9es et expriment une mol\u00e9cule de surface appel\u00e9e CD22, ce qui emp\u00eache une r\u00e9action immunitaire excessive. Cette d\u00e9couverte pourrait aider \u00e0 mieux contr\u00f4ler l’inflammation et \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer les r\u00e9ponses immunitaires aux infections.<\/p>\n

Les r\u00e9sultats sont publi\u00e9s dans la revue Immunologie scientifique<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e8s d’un quart de la population mondiale est infect\u00e9e par des helminthes, des vers parasites qui s’\u00e9tablissent dans l’intestin pendant de longues p\u00e9riodes. En r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 ces envahisseurs, le syst\u00e8me immunitaire d\u00e9ploie des strat\u00e9gies de d\u00e9fense complexes. Dans leur \u00e9tude r\u00e9cente, les chercheurs ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 un m\u00e9canisme auparavant insoup\u00e7onn\u00e9 qui r\u00e9gule l’activation de certaines cellules immunitaires: CD8+<\/sup> cellules T \u00e0 m\u00e9moire virtuelle (tMachine virtuelle<\/sub>).<\/p>\n

Un r\u00f4le surprenant pour CD22 dans la r\u00e9gulation des cellules T<\/h2>\n

Les chercheurs ont d\u00e9couvert que lors des infections aux helminthes, une mol\u00e9cule immunitaire cl\u00e9, l’interleukine-4 (IL-4), stimule fortement tMachine virtuelle<\/sub> cellules, provoquant leur prolif\u00e9ration dans la rate et les ganglions lymphatiques. TMachine virtuelle<\/sub> Les cellules sont des cellules immunitaires capables de r\u00e9agir rapidement aux infections virales.<\/p>\n

Dans une \u00e9tude pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente publi\u00e9e en 2018, l’\u00e9quipe de recherche a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que la stimulation IL-4 de TMachine virtuelle<\/sub> Les cellules am\u00e9liorent le contr\u00f4le de l’infection virale lors des co-infections avec des helminthes et des virus. Cependant, cette stimulation intense de tMachine virtuelle<\/sub> Les cellules pendant l’infection parasite ne semblent pas jouer un r\u00f4le dans le contr\u00f4le du parasite lui-m\u00eame, ce qui a intrigu\u00e9 les chercheurs.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ce qui est surprenant, c’est que cette activation de TMachine virtuelle<\/sub> Les cellules s’accompagnent de l’expression d’un r\u00e9cepteur appel\u00e9 CD22, qui est normalement exclusif aux lymphocytes B – un autre type de globules blancs \u00ab\u00a0, explique le professeur Benjamin Dewals d’Uli\u00e8ge.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ce r\u00e9cepteur joue un r\u00f4le crucial dans la r\u00e9gulation des r\u00e9ponses immunitaires. Sa pr\u00e9sence sur tMachine virtuelle<\/sub> Les cellules agissent comme un frein, limitant leur activation excessive et emp\u00eachant ainsi une inflammation excessive. \u00ab\u00a0<\/p>\n

Un \u00e9quilibre d\u00e9licat entre la d\u00e9fense et le r\u00e8glement<\/h2>\n

Cette d\u00e9couverte ouvre de nouvelles perspectives sur la fa\u00e7on dont le corps r\u00e9gule ses r\u00e9ponses immunitaires. En plus de leur r\u00f4le dans la lutte contre certaines infections, tMachine virtuelle<\/sub> Les cellules activ\u00e9es pendant les infections parasites aident \u00e9galement \u00e0 r\u00e9guler l’inflammation. En d’autres termes, plut\u00f4t que de simplement r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 l’IL-4 produit pendant l’infection, ils travaillent \u00e9galement pour \u00e9viter une r\u00e9action excessive du syst\u00e8me immunitaire.<\/p>\n

Comprendre ce m\u00e9canisme plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment pourrait ouvrir la voie \u00e0 de nouvelles strat\u00e9gies pour am\u00e9liorer les d\u00e9fenses immunitaires contre les infections ou, \u00e0 l’inverse, pour att\u00e9nuer les r\u00e9actions inflammatoires excessives, qui sont responsables de certaines maladies auto-immunes. \u00ab\u00a0Des recherches suppl\u00e9mentaires sont n\u00e9cessaires pour d\u00e9terminer s’il existe un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne similaire chez l’homme et comment cette d\u00e9couverte pourrait \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9e en m\u00e9decine\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute le professeur Dewals.<\/p>\n

Cette \u00e9tude, men\u00e9e en collaboration avec des chercheurs de l’Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, de l’Universit\u00e9 McGill (Canada) et de l’Universit\u00e9 d’Erlangen (Allemagne), souligne l’importance de la recherche fondamentale pour d\u00e9voiler les myst\u00e8res du syst\u00e8me immunitaire et potentiellement conduisant \u00e0 des progr\u00e8s m\u00e9dicaux.<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Des chercheurs de l’Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge (Belgique) ont d\u00e9couvert un m\u00e9canisme auparavant inconnu qui r\u00e9gule<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4124,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[16,834,3914,607,71,1256,3916,3915,326],"class_list":["post-4123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-maladies","tag-des","tag-immunitaire","tag-inattendu","tag-infections","tag-lors","tag-mecanisme","tag-parasites","tag-regule","tag-reponse","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nUn m\u00e9canisme inattendu r\u00e9gule la r\u00e9ponse immunitaire lors des infections parasites - RVH-Synergie.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/un-mecanisme-inattendu-regule-la-reponse-immunitaire-lors-des-infections-parasites\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un m\u00e9canisme inattendu r\u00e9gule la r\u00e9ponse immunitaire lors des infections parasites - 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