{"id":3536,"date":"2025-01-15T17:57:36","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T16:57:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/comment-linfection-chronique-par-lhepatite-c-conduit-a-une-maladie-auto-immune\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T17:57:47","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T16:57:47","slug":"comment-linfection-chronique-par-lhepatite-c-conduit-a-une-maladie-auto-immune","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/comment-linfection-chronique-par-lhepatite-c-conduit-a-une-maladie-auto-immune\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment l\u2019infection chronique par l\u2019h\u00e9patite C conduit \u00e0 une maladie auto-immune"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Des scientifiques de l’Institut Garvan de recherche m\u00e9dicale ont d\u00e9couvert comment une infection virale provoque une maladie auto-immune, r\u00e9futant une th\u00e9orie de longue date et ouvrant une nouvelle approche prometteuse pour d\u00e9velopper des traitements contre les maladies auto-immunes.<\/p>\n

La recherche, publi\u00e9e dans la revue Immunit\u00e9<\/i>se concentre sur le virus de l’h\u00e9patite C (VHC), qui touche environ 58 millions de personnes dans le monde, et sur son r\u00f4le dans le d\u00e9clenchement d’une maladie auto-immune grave appel\u00e9e vascularite cryoglobulin\u00e9mique dans jusqu’\u00e0 15 % des cas, o\u00f9 les anticorps attaquent les vaisseaux sanguins et peuvent endommager les organes tout au long de la vie. corps.<\/p>\n

Jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, les scientifiques pensaient que cette r\u00e9ponse auto-immune se produisait parce que les prot\u00e9ines virales imitaient les propres prot\u00e9ines de l’organisme, incitant le syst\u00e8me immunitaire \u00e0 attaquer les deux. L\u2019\u00e9quipe Garvan a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que ce n\u2019est pas le cas ; le d\u00e9clencheur critique r\u00e9side plut\u00f4t dans les mutations des cellules B \u00ab clones ind\u00e9sirables \u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Cette d\u00e9couverte change fondamentalement notre compr\u00e9hension de la mani\u00e8re dont les infections peuvent provoquer des maladies auto-immunes\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare le professeur Chris Goodnow, chef du laboratoire d’immunog\u00e9nomique de Garvan et co-auteur principal de l’\u00e9tude.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0En identifiant ces clones malveillants, nous pouvons mieux comprendre comment les cibler, ce qui constitue une approche potentiellement transformatrice du traitement des maladies auto-immunes chez les patients.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

L\u2019infection virale entra\u00eene une \u00ab temp\u00eate parfaite \u00bb de mutations<\/h2>\n

\u00c0 l\u2019aide de techniques sophistiqu\u00e9es d\u2019analyse de cellules uniques et de s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome entier, les chercheurs ont analys\u00e9 les cellules immunitaires pr\u00e9sentes dans le sang de quatre patients atteints de vascularite cryoglobulin\u00e9mique d\u00e9clench\u00e9e par le VHC. Ils ont identifi\u00e9 les cellules B clones voyous sp\u00e9cifiques qui \u00e9taient pr\u00e9sentes en grand nombre et produisaient des auto-anticorps nocifs.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0La th\u00e9orie de longue date est que les cellules B entra\u00een\u00e9es \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre le virus \u00e9tranger deviennent confuses et ciblent le corps \u00e0 la place – un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne appel\u00e9 mim\u00e9tisme mol\u00e9culaire. Notre \u00e9tude a montr\u00e9 que lors d’une infection chronique par l’h\u00e9patite C, les anticorps \u00e0 la surface du virus forment un groupe d’anticorps qui stimule de mani\u00e8re persistante la mutation des cellules B \u00bb, explique l’auteur principal, le Dr Clara Young.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Nous avons d\u00e9couvert que cette mutation continue conduit finalement au d\u00e9veloppement de clones ind\u00e9sirables responsables de la vascularite cryoglobulin\u00e9mique.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Notre recherche montre que trois types de mutations g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques sont n\u00e9cessaires au d\u00e9veloppement de la maladie auto-immune\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute le Dr Dan Suan, co-auteur principal et directeur clinique du programme de recherche Hope chez Garvan.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Deux de ces mutations se produisent normalement dans les cellules B, mais la pr\u00e9sence de particules virales chroniques qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre \u00e9limin\u00e9es cr\u00e9e une stimulation continue. La troisi\u00e8me mutation, li\u00e9e au d\u00e9veloppement de cancers du sang, se produit par hasard au fil du temps. Cette temp\u00eate parfaite de Les mutations permettent aux cellules de s\u2019accumuler en nombre suffisamment important pour provoquer la maladie auto-immune. \u00bb<\/p>\n

De nouvelles voies pour les traitements des maladies auto-immunes<\/h2>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Cette recherche ouvre de nouvelles possibilit\u00e9s pour pr\u00e9dire et pr\u00e9venir les complications auto-immunes\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare le professeur Goodnow. \u00ab\u00a0En comprenant ce m\u00e9canisme structurel, nous pouvons potentiellement d\u00e9velopper des th\u00e9rapies cibl\u00e9es qui emp\u00eachent ces formations d’anticorps de d\u00e9clencher des r\u00e9ponses auto-immunes.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Bien que nous nous concentrions sur le VHC, ces r\u00e9sultats ont des implications plus larges pour pr\u00e9dire et pr\u00e9venir les complications auto-immunes\u00a0\u00bb, explique le Dr Young. Les connaissances sont pertinentes pour d\u2019autres maladies auto-immunes associ\u00e9es aux infections, telles que le syndrome de Guillain-Barr\u00e9 et la scl\u00e9rose en plaques, qui sont \u00e9galement li\u00e9es \u00e0 d\u2019autres infections bact\u00e9riennes et virales.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les mutations se produisent dans les cellules B dans le cadre de leur d\u00e9veloppement normal, et comprendre comment elles peuvent conduire \u00e0 l’auto-immunit\u00e9 est une \u00e9tape importante dans notre mission visant \u00e0 \u00e9liminer la cause profonde des maladies auto-immunes plut\u00f4t que de simplement g\u00e9rer les sympt\u00f4mes\u00a0\u00bb, explique le Dr Suan.<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Des scientifiques de l’Institut Garvan de recherche m\u00e9dicale ont d\u00e9couvert comment une infection virale provoque<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3537,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[377,250,182,3508,1058,539,248,540,47],"class_list":["post-3536","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-maladies","tag-autoimmune","tag-chronique","tag-comment","tag-conduit","tag-lhepatite","tag-linfection","tag-maladie","tag-par","tag-une","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nComment l\u2019infection chronique par l\u2019h\u00e9patite C conduit \u00e0 une maladie auto-immune - RVH-Synergie.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/comment-linfection-chronique-par-lhepatite-c-conduit-a-une-maladie-auto-immune\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comment l\u2019infection chronique par l\u2019h\u00e9patite C conduit \u00e0 une maladie auto-immune - 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