{"id":2774,"date":"2024-12-11T18:00:19","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T17:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/la-premiere-caracterisation-complete-du-microbiome-renal-revele-un-potentiel-de-prevention-des-calculs-renaux\/"},"modified":"2024-12-11T18:00:24","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T17:00:24","slug":"la-premiere-caracterisation-complete-du-microbiome-renal-revele-un-potentiel-de-prevention-des-calculs-renaux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/la-premiere-caracterisation-complete-du-microbiome-renal-revele-un-potentiel-de-prevention-des-calculs-renaux\/","title":{"rendered":"La premi\u00e8re caract\u00e9risation compl\u00e8te du microbiome r\u00e9nal r\u00e9v\u00e8le un potentiel de pr\u00e9vention des calculs r\u00e9naux"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Les chercheurs de la Cleveland Clinic ont trouv\u00e9 la preuve d\u00e9finitive d\u2019un microbiome r\u00e9nal qui influence la sant\u00e9 r\u00e9nale et la formation de calculs r\u00e9naux, d\u00e9montrant que les voies urinaires ne sont pas st\u00e9riles et que de faibles niveaux de bact\u00e9ries sont normaux.<\/p>\n

Le Communications naturelles<\/i> La publication d\u00e9crit l’approche rigoureuse \u00e0 plusieurs volets qu’une \u00e9quipe dirig\u00e9e par Aaron Miller, Ph.D. et Jos\u00e9 Agudelo, MD, a utilis\u00e9e pour identifier et caract\u00e9riser la petite communaut\u00e9 bact\u00e9rienne en combinant des \u00e9tudes pr\u00e9cliniques, humaines et en bo\u00eete.<\/p>\n

Ils ont \u00e9galement identifi\u00e9 certaines bact\u00e9ries dans le microbiome qui pourraient favoriser ou bloquer le d\u00e9veloppement de calculs r\u00e9naux et ont montr\u00e9 qu’une mauvaise utilisation d’antibiotiques (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement associ\u00e9e au d\u00e9veloppement de calculs r\u00e9naux en milieu hospitalier) orientait le microbiome vers des bact\u00e9ries favorisant les calculs.<\/p>\n

Le Dr Miller esp\u00e8re que les d\u00e9couvertes de son \u00e9quipe contribueront \u00e0 renverser le concept de voies urinaires st\u00e9riles et m\u00e8neront \u00e0 de meilleures options de pr\u00e9vention ou de traitement pour une maladie qui n\u2019a pas connu de progr\u00e8s m\u00e9dicaux majeurs depuis plus de trois d\u00e9cennies.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les maladies urologiques comme les calculs r\u00e9naux touchent 63 % de la population adulte et s’aggravent\u00a0\u00bb, dit-il. \u00ab\u00a0Les donn\u00e9es pointent syst\u00e9matiquement vers les bact\u00e9ries. Si nous ne pouvons pas surmonter l’hypoth\u00e8se de la st\u00e9rilit\u00e9, nous ne pouvons pas d\u00e9velopper des traitements et des options pr\u00e9ventives plus efficaces.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Les niveaux normaux de bact\u00e9ries dans l\u2019urine sont tr\u00e8s faibles, mais ils sont rarement nuls. Malgr\u00e9 cela, l\u2019urobiome \u2013 le microbiome de diff\u00e9rents organes des voies urinaires, dont la vessie et les reins \u2013 est un sujet d\u00e9battu depuis sa d\u00e9couverte dans l\u2019urine humaine il y a moins de 15 ans.<\/p>\n

Le premier auteur et urologue Jos\u00e9 Agudelo, MD, qui poss\u00e8de une vaste exp\u00e9rience dans le domaine des calculs urinaires, explique que les d\u00e9couvertes indirectes pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes sur le microbiome r\u00e9nal ont fourni des preuves convaincantes mais ont laiss\u00e9 place au doute.<\/p>\n

Les communaut\u00e9s bact\u00e9riennes doivent r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 trois crit\u00e8res pour \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme un v\u00e9ritable microbiome\u00a0: stabilit\u00e9, coh\u00e9rence et reproductibilit\u00e9 et \u00eatre m\u00e9taboliquement actives.<\/p>\n

Les m\u00e9thodes de l’\u00e9quipe ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 chacun de ces aspects pour les bact\u00e9ries pr\u00e9sentes dans les voies urinaires. Leurs recherches ont \u00e9galement montr\u00e9 que les bact\u00e9ries vivant dans les voies urinaires n’\u00e9taient pas l\u00e0 uniquement \u00e0 cause d’une maladie, puisqu’elles les ont trouv\u00e9es dans les voies urinaires de personnes ne pr\u00e9sentant aucun signe de maladie urologique.<\/p>\n

D’autres \u00e9tudes avaient montr\u00e9 que deux esp\u00e8ces, les Drs. Miller et Agudelo avaient identifi\u00e9\u2014E. coli et Lactobacillus crispatus \u2013 avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9s respectivement \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence et \u00e0 l\u2019absence de calculs r\u00e9naux. Les chercheurs ont demand\u00e9 si l\u2019activit\u00e9 m\u00e9tabolique de leur communaut\u00e9 microbienne nouvellement d\u00e9couverte jouait un r\u00f4le dans la formation de calculs r\u00e9naux.<\/p>\n

Pour voir si le microbiome r\u00e9nal pouvait influencer la formation de calculs, les chercheurs ont cultiv\u00e9 des bact\u00e9ries \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une chambre sp\u00e9ciale qui imite le mouvement de l\u2019urine dans nos reins. Ils ont ensuite ajout\u00e9 les \u00ab mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res \u00bb que sont les calculs r\u00e9naux, l’oxalate et le calcium, pour voir ce qui se passait.<\/p>\n

Plusieurs grandes structures cristallines ressemblant \u00e0 des pierres se sont form\u00e9es dans les chambres cultivant E. coli. Les analyses chimiques et aux rayons X ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que ces structures \u00e9taient impossibles \u00e0 distinguer des calculs r\u00e9naux humains. Aucun calcul ne s’est form\u00e9 dans les chambres cultivant Lactobacillus de cette mani\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

La culture conjointe des deux bact\u00e9ries a donn\u00e9 naissance \u00e0 de tr\u00e8s petites structures cristallines qui \u00e9taient structurellement et chimiquement diff\u00e9rentes des calculs r\u00e9naux, ce qui indique que Lactobacillus bloque d’une mani\u00e8re ou d’une autre la capacit\u00e9 d’E. coli \u00e0 former des calculs r\u00e9naux.<\/p>\n

Dans les mod\u00e8les pr\u00e9cliniques, l\u2019\u00e9quipe a \u00e9galement constat\u00e9 que la surutilisation d\u2019antibiotiques modifiait l\u2019\u00e9quilibre du microbiome r\u00e9nal des Lactobacillus sains vers l\u2019E. coli formant des calculs. Ils pensent que leurs r\u00e9sultats, pris ensemble, peuvent expliquer pourquoi les individus qui suivent un traitement antibiotique \u00e0 long terme sont plus susceptibles de d\u00e9velopper des calculs r\u00e9naux.<\/p>\n

Le Dr Agudelo affirme que les d\u00e9couvertes de son \u00e9quipe sugg\u00e8rent que diff\u00e9rentes bact\u00e9ries produisent des mol\u00e9cules pro- et anti-calculs r\u00e9naux, qu’il souhaite utiliser dans de nouvelles techniques th\u00e9rapeutiques et diagnostiques. Il travaille d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 comprendre quels m\u00e9tabolites bact\u00e9riens influencent la formation de calculs, et comment.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Si le microbiome r\u00e9nal peut influencer les calculs r\u00e9naux, il peut \u00e9galement influencer d’autres maladies r\u00e9nales\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute le Dr Miller. \u00ab\u00a0Nous \u00e9tudions d\u00e9j\u00e0 les signatures microbiennes d’autres maladies r\u00e9nales et avons m\u00eame soumis une subvention pour \u00e9tudier comment certaines variantes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques influencent le microbiome r\u00e9nal et le risque de maladie r\u00e9nale dans diff\u00e9rentes ethnies.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les chercheurs de la Cleveland Clinic ont trouv\u00e9 la preuve d\u00e9finitive d\u2019un microbiome r\u00e9nal qui<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2775,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[908,3016,3017,16,1367,572,932,990,3018,909,157],"class_list":["post-2774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-maladies","tag-calculs","tag-caracterisation","tag-complete","tag-des","tag-microbiome","tag-potentiel","tag-premiere","tag-prevention","tag-renal","tag-renaux","tag-revele","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nLa premi\u00e8re caract\u00e9risation compl\u00e8te du microbiome r\u00e9nal r\u00e9v\u00e8le un potentiel de pr\u00e9vention des calculs r\u00e9naux - RVH-Synergie.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/la-premiere-caracterisation-complete-du-microbiome-renal-revele-un-potentiel-de-prevention-des-calculs-renaux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La premi\u00e8re caract\u00e9risation compl\u00e8te du microbiome r\u00e9nal r\u00e9v\u00e8le un potentiel de pr\u00e9vention des calculs r\u00e9naux - 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