De nombreuses personnes atteintes de maladies cardiovasculaires d\u00e9clarent r\u00e9agir aux changements climatiques. Scientifiquement, l\u2019accent a \u00e9t\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent mis sur les temp\u00e9ratures extr\u00eames, en particulier les journ\u00e9es chaudes. Ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent moins \u00e9tudi\u00e9, c’est si les sauts de temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 court terme jouent \u00e9galement un r\u00f4le – en moyenne, ils se produisent environ deux fois plus souvent que les journ\u00e9es chaudes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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Dans une nouvelle \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e dans The Lancet Regional Health Europe, nous avons examin\u00e9 si non seulement la temp\u00e9rature absolue, mais \u00e9galement le taux d’augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature, sont importants pour les personnes souffrant de probl\u00e8mes cardiaques. Nos r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que m\u00eame une augmentation rapide de la temp\u00e9rature ext\u00e9rieure par rapport aux jours pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents peut \u00eatre associ\u00e9e \u00e0 un risque accru d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nements cardiovasculaires aigus et de d\u00e9c\u00e8s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Conf\u00e9renci\u00e8re priv\u00e9e Dr Katharina Lechner est cardiologue et experte en pr\u00e9vention et vieillissement en bonne sant\u00e9. Elle fait partie de notre r\u00e9seau d’experts EXPERTS Circle.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Plus de 1,3 million de personnes examin\u00e9es<\/h2>\n Pour notre \u00e9tude, nous avons analys\u00e9 les donn\u00e9es de 1\u00a0315\u00a0553 personnes atteintes d\u2019une maladie cardiovasculaire ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9reuse en Bavi\u00e8re. Il s’agit notamment de maladies dans lesquelles les vaisseaux sanguins sont r\u00e9tr\u00e9cis ou endommag\u00e9s par des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts, telles que\u00a0:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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\nmaladie coronarienne,<\/li>\n maladie art\u00e9rielle p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique<\/li>\n ou des maladies des vaisseaux alimentant le cerveau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nLa base \u00e9tait constitu\u00e9e de donn\u00e9es anonymis\u00e9es d\u2019assurance maladie de 2012 \u00e0 2020. Nous avons enregistr\u00e9 les admissions \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4pital.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n
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\nun syndrome coronarien aigu,<\/li>\n une crise cardiaque,<\/li>\n d’un accident vasculaire c\u00e9r\u00e9bral<\/li>\n une insuffisance cardiaque, c’est-\u00e0-dire un c\u0153ur faible,<\/li>\n et les d\u00e9c\u00e8s, quelle qu’en soit la cause.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nChaque ann\u00e9e, la temp\u00e9rature augmente de 5 degr\u00e9s pendant 21 jours<\/h2>\n Nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 ce que l\u2019on appelle les \u00ab changements de temp\u00e9rature vers le haut \u00bb, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire les augmentations rapides de temp\u00e9rature. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un jour o\u00f9 la temp\u00e9rature ext\u00e9rieure moyenne \u00e9tait sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la moyenne des sept jours pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n
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Pour l\u2019analyse principale, nous avons consid\u00e9r\u00e9 une augmentation de temp\u00e9rature de cinq degr\u00e9s Celsius. Nous avons choisi cette valeur car elle refl\u00e9tait un saut de temp\u00e9rature fr\u00e9quent et cliniquement pertinent dans les donn\u00e9es examin\u00e9es. De telles augmentations se sont produites beaucoup plus souvent que les journ\u00e9es chaudes classiques avec des temp\u00e9ratures maximales de 30 degr\u00e9s Celsius ou plus.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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Au cours de la p\u00e9riode d\u2019\u00e9tude, la temp\u00e9rature moyenne a augment\u00e9 de plus de cinq degr\u00e9s Celsius 21 jours par an. Les journ\u00e9es chaudes \u00e9taient plus rares, avec une moyenne de dix jours par an. De plus, les deux ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes ne se chevauchent que partiellement. Cela montre que des augmentations soudaines de temp\u00e9rature ne peuvent pas simplement \u00eatre assimil\u00e9es \u00e0 de la chaleur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n
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23 d\u00e9c\u00e8s pour 100 000 habitants<\/h2>\n Nous avons constat\u00e9 qu\u2019une augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature de cinq degr\u00e9s Celsius le m\u00eame jour \u00e9tait associ\u00e9e \u00e0 un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nements aigus multiples. Le risque pour<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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\nSyndrome coronarien aigu \u2013 trois pour cent plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/li>\n Accident vasculaire c\u00e9r\u00e9bral \u2013 deux pour cent plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/li>\n Admission \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4pital pour insuffisance cardiaque \u2013 un pour cent de plus<\/li>\n Risque de d\u00e9c\u00e8s \u2013 trois pour cent plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nCes augmentations relatives du risque semblent initialement mod\u00e9r\u00e9es au niveau individuel. Ils peuvent encore \u00eatre pertinents au niveau de la population car les maladies cardiovasculaires sont courantes et les sauts de temp\u00e9rature se produisent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement. Nous avons calcul\u00e9 qu’en moyenne 23 d\u00e9c\u00e8s par an pour 100 000 participants \u00e0 l’\u00e9tude \u00e9taient associ\u00e9s \u00e0 de telles augmentations de temp\u00e9rature.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n
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Les effets se sont produits \u00e0 des moments diff\u00e9rents<\/h2>\n Notre analyse a \u00e9galement montr\u00e9 que les mod\u00e8les temporels diff\u00e9raient selon l’\u00e9v\u00e9nement examin\u00e9. En cas d’accident vasculaire c\u00e9r\u00e9bral, la connexion \u00e9tait particuli\u00e8rement visible le jour de la mont\u00e9e en temp\u00e9rature. Toutefois, dans le cas de l’insuffisance cardiaque et de la mortalit\u00e9, des effets diff\u00e9r\u00e9s se sont \u00e9galement produits dans les jours suivants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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Les liens \u00e9taient plus prononc\u00e9s pendant la saison chaude que pendant la saison froide. Cependant, ils ne peuvent pas \u00eatre enti\u00e8rement expliqu\u00e9s par la seule chaleur. M\u00eame apr\u00e8s avoir pris en compte la temp\u00e9rature moyenne, l\u2019humidit\u00e9 et les polluants atmosph\u00e9riques, les r\u00e9sultats sont rest\u00e9s stables.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n
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Pourquoi les changements de temp\u00e9rature peuvent \u00eatre dangereux pour les patients cardiaques<\/h2>\n Une augmentation soudaine de la temp\u00e9rature oblige le corps \u00e0 s\u2019adapter rapidement. Chez les personnes pr\u00e9sentant des vaisseaux pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment endommag\u00e9s ou une r\u00e9serve de performance cardiaque limit\u00e9e, cette adaptabilit\u00e9 peut \u00eatre limit\u00e9e. Notre \u00e9tude fournit ainsi la preuve que la dynamique des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e0 court terme repr\u00e9sente un facteur de stress environnemental ind\u00e9pendant pour les groupes de population particuli\u00e8rement vuln\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n
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10 signes avant-coureurs du c\u0153ur \u00e0 conna\u00eetre<\/h2>\n Les temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es exercent une pression sur le c\u0153ur et certains sympt\u00f4mes devraient vous inciter \u00e0 vous asseoir et \u00e0 en prendre conscience\u00a0:<\/p>\n
\nessoufflement nouveau ou croissant<\/li>\n oppression thoracique<\/li>\n coeur qui s’emballe<\/li>\n vertiges s\u00e9v\u00e8res<\/li>\n Confusion<\/li>\n \u00e9vanouissement<\/li>\n faiblesse prononc\u00e9e<\/li>\n \u00c9tourdissements<\/li>\n tr\u00e8s peu d’urine<\/li>\n peau s\u00e8che et chaude<\/li>\n<\/ol>\nSi vous ressentez des douleurs thoraciques, un essoufflement s\u00e9v\u00e8re, des \u00e9vanouissements, une paralysie, des probl\u00e8mes d’\u00e9locution ou des troubles de la conscience : appelez imm\u00e9diatement le 112 !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Nos r\u00e9sultats \u00e9largissent la vision des valeurs de temp\u00e9rature statiques aux changements de temp\u00e9rature dynamiques. Les anciens mod\u00e8les de risque et syst\u00e8mes d\u2019alerte se concentrent souvent sur la chaleur ou le froid.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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Nous avons pu montrer, chez une vaste population \u00e0 haut risque, que m\u00eame des augmentations rapides de temp\u00e9rature, ind\u00e9pendantes des journ\u00e9es chaudes classiques, \u00e9taient associ\u00e9es \u00e0 un fardeau mesurable de maladies cardiovasculaires et \u00e0 un nombre accru de d\u00e9c\u00e8s. Les futurs syst\u00e8mes d\u2019alerte pourraient donc prendre en compte les changements de temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 court terme en plus des limites absolues de temp\u00e9rature.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
De nombreuses personnes atteintes de maladies cardiovasculaires d\u00e9clarent r\u00e9agir aux changements climatiques. Scientifiquement, l\u2019accent a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18188,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[1226,1638,1379,5650,278,248,40,8725,47],"class_list":["post-18187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-maladies","tag-augmenter","tag-cardiaque","tag-considerablement","tag-degres","tag-difference","tag-maladie","tag-risque","tag-suffit","tag-une","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\n
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