{"id":1277,"date":"2024-10-13T07:00:20","date_gmt":"2024-10-13T05:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/une-trappe-virale-des-scientifiques-decouvrent-comment-une-proteine-protege-contre-le-vih-et-lherpes\/"},"modified":"2024-10-13T07:00:22","modified_gmt":"2024-10-13T05:00:22","slug":"une-trappe-virale-des-scientifiques-decouvrent-comment-une-proteine-protege-contre-le-vih-et-lherpes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/une-trappe-virale-des-scientifiques-decouvrent-comment-une-proteine-protege-contre-le-vih-et-lherpes\/","title":{"rendered":"Une trappe virale : des scientifiques d\u00e9couvrent comment une prot\u00e9ine prot\u00e8ge contre le VIH et l’herp\u00e8s"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Un groupe de chercheurs a d\u00e9couvert comment une prot\u00e9ine li\u00e9e au syst\u00e8me immunitaire humain repousse le VIH-1 et le virus de l’herp\u00e8s simplex-1 en assemblant des structures dans la cellule qui attirent ces virus, puis les pi\u00e9gent ou m\u00eame les d\u00e9montent. La recherche a \u00e9t\u00e9 dirig\u00e9e par le premier auteur George Moschonas, publi\u00e9e dans H\u00f4te cellulaire et microbe<\/i>et pourrait \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 pour concevoir de nouvelles strat\u00e9gies de lutte contre ces virus. L’\u00e9quipe \u00e9tait dirig\u00e9e par Xavier Saelens et Sven Eyckerman du Centre VIB-UGent de biotechnologie m\u00e9dicale.<\/p>\n

Le syst\u00e8me immunitaire inn\u00e9 du corps humain peut d\u00e9tecter les virus et y r\u00e9pondre en produisant des cytokines d’alarme, notamment des interf\u00e9rons. Ces prot\u00e9ines agissent comme un syst\u00e8me d\u2019alarme qui se d\u00e9clenche lorsqu\u2019une cellule est infect\u00e9e par un virus, avertissant les cellules environnantes d\u2019une invasion et les incitant \u00e0 activer leurs d\u00e9fenses antivirales.<\/p>\n

Ces d\u00e9fenses comprennent des g\u00e8nes dits stimul\u00e9s par l’interf\u00e9ron (ISG), qui produisent des prot\u00e9ines sp\u00e9cifiques dot\u00e9es de qualit\u00e9s antivirales. Un exemple en est la prot\u00e9ine MX, d\u00e9couverte il y a 60 ans et qui limite un large \u00e9ventail de virus, y compris ceux qui causent le SIDA et l’herp\u00e8s.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 ce jour, les chercheurs ne savaient pas exactement comment fonctionnaient les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s antivirales de la prot\u00e9ine MX. Cependant, dans cette nouvelle \u00e9tude dirig\u00e9e par Saelens et Eyckerman du VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology et en collaboration avec Beate Sodeik (Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine de Hanovre), Zeger Debyser (KU Leuven), Linos Vanderkerckhove (UGent) et Nico Callewaert (VIB- UGent), le secret de l’activit\u00e9 antivirale de la prot\u00e9ine MX a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvert.<\/p>\n

Un leurre viral<\/h2>\n

Un virus de l’herp\u00e8s ou du VIH d\u00e9livre son g\u00e9nome dans le noyau de la cellule h\u00f4te \u00e0 travers le complexe des pores nucl\u00e9aires. Cette d\u00e9livrance est essentielle pour que le virus puisse lancer son programme g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, d\u00e9tourner la machinerie cellulaire et se propager. En cons\u00e9quence, de nouveaux virus sont cr\u00e9\u00e9s qui quittent la cellule et se propagent aux cellules environnantes.<\/p>\n

Dans une d\u00e9couverte \u00e9clairante, les chercheurs montrent comment la prot\u00e9ine MX pilote l\u2019assemblage de structures leurres virales qui imitent les complexes de pores nucl\u00e9aires.<\/p>\n

Eyckerman a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 : \u00ab Nous avons remarqu\u00e9 que les virus entrants \u00e9taient attir\u00e9s dans des structures qui ressemblaient \u00e0 des pores nucl\u00e9aires. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des analyses prot\u00e9omiques, nous avons d\u00e9couvert que la prot\u00e9ine MX interagit avec des prot\u00e9ines qui font partie du complexe des pores nucl\u00e9aires. En y regardant de plus pr\u00e8s, nous avons d\u00e9couvert que le MX La prot\u00e9ine orchestre l’assemblage des nucl\u00e9oporines en condensats biomol\u00e9culaires, des gouttelettes sans membrane \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur d’une cellule qui agissent comme un compartiment s\u00e9par\u00e9. Les virus confondent ces condensats avec la v\u00e9ritable porte cellulaire du noyau cellulaire et sont pi\u00e9g\u00e9s ou perc\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Saelens a ajout\u00e9 : \u00ab\u00a0En incitant les virus \u00e0 lib\u00e9rer pr\u00e9matur\u00e9ment leur mat\u00e9riel g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, la prot\u00e9ine MX emp\u00eache finalement la propagation des infections virales. Cette d\u00e9couverte clarifie non seulement la fa\u00e7on dont les prot\u00e9ines MX combattent les virus, mais ouvre \u00e9galement de nouvelles voies potentielles pour les th\u00e9rapies antivirales.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un groupe de chercheurs a d\u00e9couvert comment une prot\u00e9ine li\u00e9e au syst\u00e8me immunitaire humain repousse<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1278,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[182,90,364,16,1625,846,1033,97,1623,47,1624,1197],"class_list":["post-1277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-les-maladies","tag-comment","tag-contre","tag-decouvrent","tag-des","tag-lherpes","tag-protege","tag-proteine","tag-scientifiques","tag-trappe","tag-une","tag-vih","tag-virale","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nUne trappe virale : des scientifiques d\u00e9couvrent comment une prot\u00e9ine prot\u00e8ge contre le VIH et l'herp\u00e8s - RVH-Synergie.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rvh-synergie.org\/actualites\/une-trappe-virale-des-scientifiques-decouvrent-comment-une-proteine-protege-contre-le-vih-et-lherpes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Une trappe virale : des scientifiques d\u00e9couvrent comment une prot\u00e9ine prot\u00e8ge contre le VIH et l'herp\u00e8s - 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